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30道美国小学趣味数学题 看懂美式思维

作者 LingoAce 新媒体团队 |中国 |2024-07-10

Learn Math

你是不是觉得数学只是一门枯燥无味、晦涩难懂的学科,总是带着一种很害怕很厌烦的情绪来面对这项艰巨的任务?其实如果你换一种方式来看待数学,它可以是非常有趣好玩、实用生动、贴近我们日常生活的。数学就像是游戏,一种磨练你的智力、提高你的注意力、逻辑思维的游戏。趣味数学题和脑筋急转弯深受大众喜爱,可以在解题过程中进行头脑风暴、应用数学知识和逻辑思维来解决问题,寻找答案。 

现在是你集思广益、积极思考的时候了,通过这些棘手的、逻辑性的、看似困难的数学问题来挑战你的思维能力并提高你的数学技能!快来一起解一解以下30道美国小学趣味数学题吧!答案和解析附在文章后半部分,可以参考一下你是否做对了。 

问题1:  

If 1=3, 2=3, 3=5, 4=4; 5=4, then 6=? (如果1=3, 2=3, 3=5, 4=4; 5=4,那么6=?) 

a.2 

b.5 

c.3 

d.4 

问题2:  

Joey had 6 siblings. All of them were born 2 years apart. The youngest is Chloe who is only 7 years old while Joey is the eldest. Calculate Joey’s age. 

(Joey有 6 个兄弟姐妹,他们的出生时间都相差2岁。最小的是Chloe,只有7岁,而Joey是最大的,请计算Joey的年龄。) 

a.12 

b.18 

c.22 

d.19 

问题3: 

There are 48 dogs signed up to compete in the dog show. There are 36 more small dogs than large dogs signed up to compete. How many small dogs are signed up to compete? 

(共有48只狗报名参加狗狗比赛。报名参加比赛的小型犬比大型犬多了 36 只,有多少只小型犬报名参加比赛?) 

a.13  b.42.5  c.6.5  d.42 

问题4: 

I am an odd number. Take away one letter and I become even. What number am I? 

(我是一个奇数,拿走一个字母后我就变成了偶数,请问我是数字几呢?) 

Ans. The answer to this question is ‘seven’ which is an odd number and when you remove ‘s’ from ‘seven’ it becomes ‘even’. 

问题5: 

What is the number of parking space covered by the car?(下图的车停在几号车位?) 

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问题6: 

Using only an addition, how do you add eight 8’s and get the number 1000? 

(如果仅使用加法,如何将八个 8 加起来得到数字 1000?) 

问题7: 

Sally is 54 years old and her mother is 80, how many years ago was Sally’s mother times her age? 

(Sally今年54岁,她妈妈80岁,请问多少年前Sally妈妈的年龄刚好是Sally的倍数?) 

问题8: 

Which 3 numbers have the same answer whether they’re added or multiplied together? 

(哪三个数字相加起来的结果和相乘结果是一样的?) 

问题9: 

There is a basket containing 5 apples, how do you divide the apples among 5 children so that each child has 1 apple while 1 apple remains in the basket? 

(有一个篮子里面有 5 个苹果,要如何将苹果分给 5 个孩子,使每个孩子都有 1 个苹果,而篮子里还剩下 1 个苹果?) 

问题10: 

Fill in the question mark. (问号是数字几?) 

 

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答案&解析(1-10): 

1、a 

If you notice the pattern ‘one’ = 3, ‘three’ = 5, and so on, based on the number of letters, a number is spelled out. So since ‘six’ has three letters, therefore, 6=3. 

(如果你留意到“one”= 3、“three”= 5 ,其实是指每个数字所带的字母数量。因为“six”有三个字母,所以 6=3。) 

2、19 

The age of youngest sibling, Chloe is 7. There are in total 7 siblings, Joey plus his 6 siblings. It is given that all of them were born 2 years apart. So Joey’s age would be 7 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 19. 

(最小的孩子 Chloe 7 岁,她共有 6 个兄弟姐妹,他们的出生时间都相差2岁,Joey最大,所以Joey的年龄是 7 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 19。) 

3、d.42 

4、7 

‘seven’ which is an odd number and when you remove ‘s’ from ‘seven’ it becomes ‘even’. 

(当你拿走数字seven中的‘s’,它就变成了‘even‘。) 

5、87 

this “math” question actually requires no math whatsoever. If you flip the image upside down, you’ll see that what you’re dealing with is a simple number sequence. 

(这道题其实和数学毫不相干,你只需要将图上下颠倒来看就能找出顺序规律。) 

6、888 + 88 + 8 + 8 + 8 = 1000 

7、41 years ago, when Sally was 13 and her mother was 39. 

(41年前,当Sally13岁时,她妈妈39岁,刚好是她的三倍。) 

8、1,2,3  

1+2+3=6,1×2×3=6 

9、4 children get 1 apple each while the fifth child gets the basket with the remaining apple still in it. 

(4个孩子每人分到一个苹果,剩下的一个孩子得到篮子和里面的一个苹果。) 

10、25 

18+9+(17-6)=38,8+12+(12-3)=29,?=11+13+(8-7)=25 

 

问题11: 

Two girls were born to the same mother, at the same time, on the same day, in the same month and the same year and yet somehow they’re not twins. Why not? 

(两个女孩是同一个母亲在同一时间、同一天、同一月、同一年生的,但她们不是双胞胎,为什么?) 

问题12: 

The day before yesterday I was 25. The next year I will be 28. This is true only one day in a year. What day is my Birthday? 

(前天我25岁,明年我就28岁了。一年中只有一天是这样的。我的生日是哪一天?) 

问题13: 

How to get a number 100 by using four sevens (7’s) and a one (1)? 

(如何用4个7和1个1得到100?) 

问题14:  

If 72 × 96 = 6927, 58 × 87 = 7885, then 79 × 86 = ? 

(如果72 × 96 = 6927, 58 × 87 = 7885,那么79 × 86= ?) 

问题15: 

A man is climbing up a mountain which is inclined. He has to travel 100 km to reach the top of the mountain. Every day He climbs up 2 km forward in the day time. Exhausted, he then takes rest there at night time. At night, while he is asleep, he slips down 1 km backwards because the mountain is inclined. Then how many days does it take him to reach the mountain top? 

(一个人正在爬一座非常抖的山,他必须爬行100公里才能到达山顶。每天白天他都会向前爬2公里。由于筋疲力尽,他晚上就在那里休息,因为山势倾斜,每晚会向后滑1公里。那么他需要多少天才能到达山顶呢?) 

问题16: 

On her breakfast tray, Aunt Lily had a little vase of flowers--a mixture of primroses and celandines. She counted up the petals and found there were 39. "Oh, how lovely!" she said, "exactly my age; and the total number of flowers is exactly your age, Rose!" 

Primroses have five petals on each flower. Celandines have eight petals on each flower. How old is Rose? 

(舅妈Lily有一个花瓶,里面有一些樱花与白屈菜。Lily把这些花的花瓣数加起来,为39。舅妈说:“花瓣数正好是我的年龄,而且花朵数正好是Rose的年龄。”樱花有5片花瓣,白屈菜有8片花瓣。   问Rose几岁了?) 

问题17: 

Look at this series: 36, 34, 30, 28, 24, … What number should come next? 

(观察这个系列数字的规律:36、34、30、28、24……接下来应该是哪个数字?) 

问题18: 

You have a 3-litre bottle and a 5-litre bottle. How can you measure 4 litres of water by using 3L and 5L bottles? 

(你有一个 3 L的瓶子和一个 5 L的瓶子。请问如何用 3L 和 5L 的瓶子量出 4L 的水?) 

问题19: 

A ship anchored in a port has a ladder which hangs over the side. The length of the ladder is 200cm, the distance between each rung in 20cm and the bottom rung touches the water. The tide rises at a rate of 10cm an hour. When will the water reach the fifth rung? 

(一艘停泊在港口的船有一个梯子悬挂在舷侧。梯子的长度为200厘米,每个梯级之间的距离为20厘米,并且底部梯级接触水面。潮水以每小时10厘米的速度上涨。水什么时候到达第五级?) 

问题20: 

Replace the question mark in the above problem with the appropriate number. 

(将下题中的问号替换为适当的数字。) 

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答案&解析(11-20): 

11、Because there was a third girl, which makes them triplets!(因为她们是三胞胎!) 

12、December 31(12月31日) 

13、 177 – 77 = 100 

14、6897 

15、99 days (99天) 

16、6 

Remember that the primroses must provide either 5 petals or 10 or 15 or 20 or 30-a multiple of 5. Now suppose there was only one celandine (8 petals); that would leave 31 petals (39-8=31). The rest can't be primroses, because 31 is not an exact multiple of 5. Suppose there were two celandines; that would make 16 petals, leaving 23. No good! Three celandines=24 petals, and 39-24=15 petals. Bingo! The answer must be 3 celandines and 3 primroses. Check: 3× 8=24 and 3× 5=15, and 24+15=39. So Rose is (3+3), or 6. 

(要记得樱花是五片花瓣,现在假设只有一朵白屈菜(8 片花瓣);这样就会留下 31 个花瓣 (39-8=31)。其余的不可能是樱花,因为 31 不是 5 的倍数。假设有两个白屈菜,有 16 个花瓣,剩下 23 个,也不对。当三片白屈菜=24片花瓣时,39-24=15片花瓣,即3朵樱花。3× 8=24 和 3× 5=15,以及 24+15=39。所以罗斯是(3+3),即6。 

17、22 

36-34=2,34-30=4,30-28=2,28-24=4 

18、First, fill 3Lt bottle and pour 3 liters into 5Lt bottle. Again, fill the 3Lt bottle. Now pour 2 liters into the 5Lt bottle until it becomes full. Now empty 5Lt bottle. Pour remaining 1 liter in 3Lt bottle into 5Lt bottle. Now again fill 3Lt bottle and pour 3 liters into 5Lt bottle. Now you have 4 liters in the 5Lt bottle. That’s it. 

(首先,将 3 升瓶子装满水,然后将 3 升水倒入 5 升瓶子中。再次填满3升的瓶子,现在将 2 升倒入 5 升的瓶子中,直至装满。现在 5 升空瓶。将 3 升瓶子中剩余的 1 升倒入 5 升瓶子中。现在再次将 3 升瓶子装满,然后将 3 升倒入 5 升瓶子中。现在 5 升瓶子里有 4 升。) 

19、Never 

The tide raises both the water and the boat so the water will never reach the fifth rung. 

(潮汐使水和船同时上升,因此水永远不会到达第五级。) 

20、6 

9+1+5=15,4+8+3=15,2+?+7=15,?=6 

 

问题21: 

There is a three-digit number. The second digit is four times as big as the third digit, while the first digit is three less than the second digit. What is the number? 

(有一个三位数。第二位数字是第三位数字的四倍,而第一位数字比第二位数字小三倍。号码多少?) 

问题22: 

If 1 = 5; 2 = 25; 3 = 325 and 4 = 4325; then 5 =? 

(如果1 = 5; 2 = 25; 3 = 325 and 4 = 4325,那么5=?) 

问题23: 

Find the area of the red triangle. (求红色三角形的面积) 

 

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问题24: 

If 13 × 12 = 651 & 41 × 23 = 448, then, 24 × 22 =? 

(如果13 × 12 = 651 & 41 × 23 = 448,那么24 × 22 =?) 

问题25: 

Look at this series: 53, 53, 40, 40, 27, 27, … What number should come next? 

(请看这串数字:53, 53, 40, 40, 27, 27, …接下来应该是数字几?) 

问题26: 

Ankit visited an exhibition near his house. He rode his new bicycle gifted by his mother for winning the science competition. After reaching the exhibition Ankit saw that there were a total of 14 bicycles and tricycles. Given the total number of wheels to be 38, find the number of tricycles in the park. 

(Ankit参观了他家附近的一个展览,他骑着母亲为赢得科学竞赛奖励给自己的新自行车。到达展馆后,Ankit看到共有14辆自行车和三轮车。车轮总数为 38,求公园内三轮车的数量。) 

问题27: 

Make a correct equation using the numbers 2, 3, 4, and 5 and the symbols = and +. 

(使用数字 2、3、4 和 5 以及符号 = 和 + 建立正确的方程式。) 

问题28: 

Consider there are 85 people in a warehouse, out of which some have been turned into zombies while some are still alive. If the ratio of zombies to living human beings is 2:3, calculate the total number of zombies. 

(假设一个仓库里有85个人,其中一些人已经变成了僵尸,而另一些人还活着。如果僵尸与活人的比例为2:3,则计算僵尸总数。) 

问题29: 

I’ve forgotten my PIN. Six incorrect attempts locks my account: I’ve used five! Two digits are displayed after each unsuccessful attempt: “2, 0” means 2 digits from that guess are in the PIN, but 0 are in the right place. No two digits in my PIN are the same. What should my sixth attempt be? 

(我忘记了 PIN 码。六次错误尝试就会锁定帐户,我已经使用了五次!每次尝试失败后都会显示两位数字:“2, 0”表示 PIN 中包含猜测的 2 位数字, 0表示位于正确的位置。我的 PIN 码中没有两个数字是相同的。我的第六次尝试应该是什么?) 

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问题30: 

Look at the matchsticks arranged below. How many equilateral triangles are there? 

(看看下面排列的火柴棍。有多少个等边三角形?) 

 

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答案&解析(21-30) 

21、141 

22、1 

The immediate answer that would pop up in your mind looking at the pattern is 54325. But that isn’t the correct answer. The correct answer is given in the question itself since the question states that 1 = 5 then 5 = 1. 

(看着这一串数字,你脑海中立即浮现的答案是 54325。但这不是正确的答案,正确答案其实已在问题本身中给出,因为问题指出 1 = 5 那么 5 = 1。) 

23、9 

If you already know how the area of a parallelogram and the area of a triangle are related, then adding 79 and 10 and subsequently subtracting 72 and 8 to get 9 should make sense. 

(如果你已经知道平行四边形的面积和三角形的面积之间的关系,那么将 79 和 10 加起来,然后减去 72 和 8 得到 9 就是红色三角形的面积。) 

24、924 

25、14 

53-40=13,40-27=13,27-?=13,?=14 

26、8 

Adding Ankit‘s bicycle,Total number of cycles = 15. Each bicycle has at least 2 wheels each. 15 x 2 = 30. Total number of wheels given = 38,38 – 30 = 8. This means that there are 8 cycles with one extra wheel each, so the total number of tricycles in the park is 8. 

(如果加上Ankit的自行车,总自行车和三轮车的数量是 15。每辆自行车和三轮车都至少有2个轮子。 15 x 2 = 30。给出的车轮总数 = 38,38 – 30 = 8。这意味着有 8 辆自行车多出一个车轮,因此公园内的三轮车总数为 8 辆。) 

27、5 + 2 = 3 + 4 

28、34 zombies and 51 humans. (34个僵尸、51个人) 

We are given that there are 2 zombies for every 3 humans, 2 + 3 = 5. To figure the total no. of groups of humans and zombies, we divide the total strength by 5, 85÷5 = 17. Now, to get the total no. zombies and humans, we will multiply 17 by 2 and 3 respectively. The answer is thus 34 zombies and 51 humans. 

(我们已知每 3 个人就有 2 只僵尸,2 + 3 = 5。人类和僵尸的群体,我们将总实力除以 5,85÷5 = 17。现在,得到总人数。僵尸和人类,我们将分别将 17 乘以 2 和 3。因此答案是 34 个僵尸和 51 个人类。) 

29、6347 

30、13 

9 small, 3 medium, 1 large (9个小的,3个中的,1个大的) 

 

可以看出来以上这30道趣味数学题中有许多都来源于我们的现实生活,数学和我们的日常生活息息相关,它并不是独立存在的学问,而是实用性很强的学科,在理解题目、思考解体方法的过程无形中提高了孩子们对学习数学的兴趣和逻辑思维能力。 

家长们可能发现孩子在做这些题的时候可比平时做算术题有兴致多了。由于题目的趣味性,让孩子们都全心投入,真的激发出了他们的好学之心和学习自驱力。美国数学教育的目的,就是要让孩子们明白,学习数学重点在于要解决问题,不只是简单的加减乘除运算、也不全是深奥的难题,甚至没有唯一的标准答案,而是运用自己所学数学知识来让孩解决一个实实在在的,而且他们又感兴趣的现实问题!这样一来数学不再是孤立的数字符号和深奥抽象的概念,而是一个亲切有趣的、和我们的日常生活息息相关的游戏。只有感受到它的用处以及它对生活的影响和可能带来的改变,孩子们在数学这条路上才会走得更远。 

LingoAce线上数学课采用备受全球认可的新加坡数学课程,充分激发孩子的数学潜能,培养对数字、解决问题和分析思辨的兴趣!让孩子在轻松愉快的氛围中学习数学知识不仅帮助学员培养完善数学思维、打好校内学习基础、应对高年级更复杂的数学应用题和其他问题,更是融入奥数竞赛知识点和题目,培养数学建模模式、满足学生超前的学习需求,真正做到了数学培优!  

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